Total
2.26 trillion cubic meters of natural gas reserves are proved natural
gas resources in the world, proving 11.7 per cent holding
Turkmenistan, by 2020, aims to invest $ 60 billion in the energy sector,
so in 2030 the country will be producing 250 billion cubic meters of natural
gas, the amount of exports will be 125 billion cubic meters in 2015, and 200 billion cubic meters in 2030 aims to remove.World
in terms of natural gas reserves in Russia, Iran and Qatar, and is now
in fourth place after the 65 billion cubic meters of gas which produces
an annual average of Turkmenistan, until the early years of dependency
on Russia to sell only with natural gas was produced, today, as well as
Russia, China and Iran has started to export natural gas.Natural
gas producer in the region, and 6.25 trillion cubic meters of natural
gas reserves are estimated to be 58 billion cubic meters of gas produces
an annual average of Uzbekistan, an important part of it is consumed
within the country, while about 10-12 billion cubic meters mainly
Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the exports.That
of the former USSR members in the late 1960s under the Central Asia
(Russia) has already started its exports to Russia over natural gas
pipeline Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan continued, still continues to
export natural gas to Russia in 2009, the head of Russia and
Turkmenistan some
of the conflicts that followed the purchase of natural gas, natural gas
from Turkmenistan, which is the most important strategic export
product, sought to export through other alternative routes.
China's growing need for natural gasRecent
years significantly increased the need for natural gas, the world's
largest natural gas consumers in China, the average annual 24.5 billion
cubic meters in 2000, and in 2008, 80 billion cubic meters of gas you
use, today this figure has exceeded 100 billion cubic meters.Industry
in the national economy in the world, and China has one of the
fastest-growing countries, in 2020, 300 billion cubic meters of natural
gas demand in 2035 is expected to reach 400 billion cubic meters during
this period, a significant portion of China's natural gas imported from
abroad, especially Turkmenistan the Central Asian countries is expected to import.At
first, it was established to buy natural gas from Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan-China gas pipeline on the memorandum of understanding in
2003, during the visit of Chinese President Hu Jintao, Kazakhstan
signing by the heads of state of the two countries, followed by China
with other countries in the management of Central Asia, Turkmenistan and began talks with Uzbekistan on this issue as well.As
a result of these negotiations in 2006, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan in
2007 and then agreed to purchase natural gas from these countries, the
Chinese government in 2008, which will carry natural gas from
Turkmenistan to China via Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan from Central
Asia-China gas pipeline began construction of .
China's largest buyer of Turkmen natural gasStarting
from December 2009 to take the first Turkmen natural gas to China, the
largest recipient of natural gas produced in Turkmenistan, while as soon
as possible, so that the energy needs of a growing, particularly in the
Central Asian countries of Turkmenistan began to meet.Beginning
in December 2009, and Turkmenistan opened the first network activity
Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan-China gas pipeline extending to
China over the total length of the seven thousand kilometers, creating
185 kilometers of that Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, 530 kilometers, 304
kilometers of thousands of Kazakhstan and the remaining going through the Chinese territory of 5 thousand kilometers. Still
continuing the construction of the third network the total amount of
the Central Asia-China gas pipeline is expected to reach $ 20 billion.Between
China and Turkmenistan in 2008, 40 billion cubic meters per year to
China for 30 years, signing an agreement on the sale of Turkmen natural
gas, and then between the two countries, China sold 65 billion cubic
meters of Turkmen gas to reach agreement on the annual amount provided.In
this context, in 2008 the construction of the Central Asia-China gas
pipeline was launched in December in 2009 the first network and the
second network is opening operations in December 2010, the pipeline to
3.5 billion cubic meters in 2010, 13 billion cubic meters of Turkmen gas
in 2011 were exported.China,
under the agreement between the parties, provided, in 2012, 22 billion
cubic meters in 2013, 33 billion in 2014 and 2015, from 37 billion cubic
meters of Turkmen natural gas to 65 billion per year is planning to
buy.In
this context, the growing need for natural gas, natural gas from
Central Asia with the correct targeting China, with an annual capacity
of 25 billion cubic meters of gas will be the third network in Central
Asia-China gas pipeline started laying, while the total length of the
project amount to $ 2.2 billion in 1840 kilometer long natural gas pipeline that were in network construction is expected to be completed by the end of this year.The
third network of the Central Asia-China pipeline, starting from January
2014 to China to carry natural gas from Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan in
part to begin planning the opening of its activities in the network such
that the total volume of natural gas from Central Asia natural gas
pipeline to China on an annual 65 billion cubic meters expects to reach.Meanwhile,
China's CNPC company in 2007, according to the agreement signed between
the Turkmen and Chinese Governments for the first time a foreign
company, the Turkmen gas fields, given a search warrant, CNPC company,
described as one of the world's largest natural gas deposits in South Iolotan-Osman field has undertaken the construction of multi-billion dollar search and wastewater treatment plants.On
the other hand, finally, between Turkmenistan and China, China
Development Bank, a $ 8.1 billion lending agreement on Turkmengas State
Agency has also provided.Increasingly
important part of natural gas via Central Asia aims to meet the needs
of China, as of last year, natural gas producer in the region began to
purchase natural gas from Uzbekistan.Uzbekneftegaz which is part of Uztransgaz within the framework of the agreement
signed between PetroChina International Limited is the world's natural
gas price will be purchased in accordance with Uzbek
natural gas from Turkmenistan through Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan to China
starting from the Central Asia-China gas pipeline to be moved out.
Central Asia-Russia gas pipelineThat
of the former USSR in the late 1960s under the Central Asia-Center
(Center) was started in Russia over natural gas pipeline Turkmenistan
and Uzbekistan continued its exports, continues to export gas to Russia
today.In
recent years, known as the most important natural gas pipeline
Turkmenistan-China pipeline, the implementation of the project, an
important player in the world natural gas market, Russia's position in
this region rocked the natural gas market, which is the former Central
Asian gas to Russia receiver only and does not change, no longer Turkmen
and Uzbek for purchase of natural gas, as well as Iran and other countries in the region have to compete with China.Russian
natural gas giant Gazprom quintessence, receiver based on natural gas
produced in Turkmenistan until recently state, the Russian company
purchased 10 billion cubic meters of gas in 2011, with 22 billion cubic
meters last year, this year, China aims to buy 33 billion cubic meters
of Turkmen gas to in the face of competition, the second in the ranking of being the recipients based on Turkmen natural gas to flow.Other
countries of Central Asia, Uzbekistan, around 14 billion cubic meters
of natural gas purchased in previous years, Russia, now in this country
to sell natural gas to China starting from 2012, after the beginning of
last year, a total of 8 billion 686 million cubic meters of Uzbek gas
purchasing contented.Uzbekistan,
with China last year to sell natural gas to 10 billion cubic meters of
Uzbek Uzbek gas to Russia to sign the agreement in the near future is
inevitable negative effects on the position of the receiver.Meanwhile,
the Russian company Gazprom in 2013-2015 with Uzbekistan Uzbek natural
gas purchase last December and in transit through the country as well as
on Uzbekistan in this context of this year, 7.5 billion cubic meters of
Uzbek gas to Russia is expected to purchase.Turkmenistan,
China and Iran established in recent years, from the natural gas
pipeline routes, in this context will about the price of natural gas
negotiations with Russian gas giant Gazprom, the urge to move more sure
of this country, while the Turkmenistan-China pipeline, Russia China's
natural gas is produced in the northern provinces of West and East
Siberia, Russia-China natural gas pipeline which has affected and is
expected to give birth to a new competitive environment.In
2012 Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan with a total of 33 billion
cubic meters of gas to buy Russian company Gazprom to buy gas this year
as countries in the region still considering taking this amount.
And TAPI gas pipeline project in IranTurkmen
natural gas, while the other neighbor, Iran is a recipient of the
world's most natural gas producing countries of Iran, northern and
northeastern parts of the country due to natural gas from Turkmenistan
meets the need for geographical proximity.The
average annual transport capacity of 20 billion cubic meters of gas
through the Turkmenistan-Iran gas pipeline transport of natural gas is
carried out annually on average 10-12 billion cubic meters of Turkmen.Korpece
in the country before the annual average of 8 billion cubic meters of
natural gas, natural gas selling bed and Turkmenistan to Iran in January
2010, in addition to the pipeline comes to opening new pipeline network
operations, so that the previously agreed with its neighbor Iran, the
annual amount of 8 billion cubic meters of natural gas, 14 has also agreed in billion cubic meters.Turkmenistan,
through Afghanistan to Pakistan and India to connect "TAPI referred to
as" the annual average of 33 billion cubic meters of natural gas by
pipeline to transport Turkmen gas to markets in South Asia aimed and
instability in Afghanistan poses a major obstacle to the realization of
this project.Turkmenistan,
however, since 1995, intensive efforts to accelerate the agenda
indicates the TAPI project, due to political instability in the region
for many years the implementation of any
1700-kilometer-long pipeline is expected to cost approximately 7.6
billion dollars.Supported
by the Asian Development Bank agreement on the project in question,
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan on December 2010, Pakistan and Afghanistan at the
level of heads of state signing this agreement, TAPI and 33 billion
cubic meters of natural gas per year for 30 years is expected to reach
the South Asian countries.The
instability in Afghanistan is still unclear, thus maintaining the
safety of the project, the government of Turkmenistan on the other hand,
is ready to supply the Nabucco project, the gas has already stated on
many occasions.
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